Tsinghua University advances lunar habitat construction techniques

Tsinghua University advances lunar habitat construction techniques
by Simon Mansfield
Sydney, Australia (SPX) Apr 22, 2024

Tsinghua University's latest research emphasizes the critical importance of in situ lunar construction as we shift from exploration to the establishment of Moon habitats. Focusing on regolith solidification and formation, the study, led by Professor Feng, evaluates nearly 20 techniques for creating building materials directly from lunar soil, aiming to maximize efficiency and reduce dependency on Earth-based resources.

The research classifies regolith solidification methods into four primary categories: reaction solidification (RS), sintering/melting (SM), bonding solidification (BS), and confinement formation (CF), each suited to specific aspects of lunar construction. These categories further divide into specialized techniques that consider the lunar environment's unique challenges, such as extreme temperatures and resource scarcity.

In detail, reaction solidification uses compounds to bond regolith particles, requiring significant material transport from Earth. Sintering/melting treats regolith at high temperatures, achieving a material utilization rate of 100%, but poses operational challenges due to the high energy required. Bonding solidification employs binders at lower temperatures, making it more energy-efficient. Confinement formation, the simplest method, involves bagging regolith with fabric to create structurally sound components, boasting an in situ ratio of 99% and rapid construction capabilities.

The 8IMEM quantification method, introduced by the research team, scores these techniques across eight criteria tailored to the demands of lunar construction. Regolith bagging scores highest, offering efficiency and rapid component assembly, ideal for large-scale construction projects. Sintering/melting and solar melting are also highly rated for their robustness and energy efficiency.

This structured approach supports the phased development of lunar infrastructure, starting with unmanned laboratories and evolving to self-sustaining habitats. The findings propose regolith bag technology as the preferred method for future lunar base construction, combining practicality with the strategic goals of the International Lunar Research Stations.

Research Report:Lunar In Situ Large-Scale Construction: Quantitative Evaluation of Regolith Solidification Techniques